大型航空模型的制作与摆设需兼顾安全性、美观性与耐久性，从材料选择到场景布置都有诸多细节需要把控，以下是具体注意事项：

　　The production and decoration of large aviation models need to take into account safety, aesthetics, and durability. There are many details that need to be controlled from material selection to scene layout. The following are specific precautions:

　　在制作环节，材料的选择是基础。需根据模型的尺寸与展示需求，挑选强度与重量平衡的材料，例如主体框架可选用轻质合金或高强度塑料，既保证结构稳固，又能减轻整体重量，避免因自重过大导致变形。表面装饰材料需考虑耐久性，若模型用于长期摆设，应选用耐氧化、不易褪色的涂料或贴纸，避免阳光直射下出现开裂、变色。对于细节部件如机翼、尾翼，需确保连接部位的牢固性，可采用榫接加胶水加固的方式，同时预留一定的缓冲空间，防止搬运或摆放时因轻微碰撞而损坏。

　　In the production process, material selection is the foundation. Materials that balance strength and weight should be selected based on the size and display requirements of the model. For example, lightweight alloys or high-strength plastics can be used for the main frame to ensure structural stability and reduce overall weight, avoiding deformation caused by excessive self weight. Surface decorative materials need to consider durability. If the model is used for long-term decoration, it should be coated with oxidation resistant and non fading paint or stickers to avoid cracking and discoloration under direct sunlight. For detailed components such as wings and tail fins, it is necessary to ensure the firmness of the connection parts, which can be reinforced by mortising and gluing. At the same time, a certain buffer space should be reserved to prevent damage due to minor collisions during handling or placement.

　　结构搭建需遵循比例还原与力学平衡原则。严格按照原型机的比例缩放，确保机身、机翼、尾翼的相对位置准确，避免因比例失衡影响美观。搭建过程中要注重重心稳定，大型模型的底部支撑结构需分散重量，可在底座内部增设配重块，防止摆放时倾倒。对于带有可活动部件（如螺旋桨、起落架）的模型，需保证活动关节灵活且不易松动，可在连接处添加少量润滑油，但需避免油污污染模型表面。

　　The construction of the structure should follow the principles of proportional reduction and mechanical balance. Strictly scale according to the scale of the prototype to ensure accurate relative positions of the fuselage, wings, and tail fins, and avoid affecting aesthetics due to imbalanced proportions. During the construction process, attention should be paid to the stability of the center of gravity. The bottom support structure of large models needs to distribute weight, and counterweights can be added inside the base to prevent tipping during placement. For models with movable components such as propellers and landing gear, it is necessary to ensure that the movable joints are flexible and not easily loose. A small amount of lubricating oil can be added at the connection, but oil pollution on the surface of the model should be avoided.

　　细节处理影响整体质感。模型表面的纹路、标识需清晰还原，可通过激光雕刻或精密印刷实现，但要避免过度堆砌细节导致视觉杂乱。对于模拟驾驶舱、发动机等内部结构，若需展示，应采用透明材质配合内部灯光，但灯光线路需隐藏布置，防止电线外露影响美观，同时选用低功率 LED 灯，避免热量过高损坏周边材料。打磨环节需细致，确保机身表面光滑无毛刺，拐角处可做圆角处理，既提升手感，也降低磕碰时的损坏风险。

　　Detail processing affects the overall texture. The patterns and markings on the surface of the model need to be clearly restored, which can be achieved through laser engraving or precision printing, but excessive stacking of details should be avoided to avoid visual clutter. For simulating the internal structure of the cockpit, engine, etc., if it is necessary to display, transparent materials should be used with internal lighting, but the lighting circuit should be hidden to prevent the wires from being exposed and affecting the appearance. At the same time, low-power LED lights should be selected to avoid damage to surrounding materials due to excessive heat. The polishing process needs to be meticulous to ensure that the surface of the body is smooth and free of burrs. Rounding can be done at corners to improve the feel and reduce the risk of damage during collisions.

　　摆设环境的选择与布置同样关键。应避免将模型摆放在阳光直射、潮湿或通风过强的位置 —— 长期日晒会导致材料老化，潮湿环境可能引发金属部件锈蚀，强风则可能使模型晃动甚至倾倒。摆放台面需平整稳固，若模型高度超过 1.5 米，建议采用落地式支架，支架与地面接触部分加装防滑垫，同时在模型与支架连接处做好固定。周围环境需预留足够空间，避免与其他物品距离过近，防止碰撞或摩擦造成刮痕。

　　The selection and arrangement of the decoration environment are equally crucial. It is advisable to avoid placing the model in a location with direct sunlight, humidity, or excessive ventilation - long-term sun exposure can cause material aging, humid environments may cause metal parts to rust, and strong winds may cause the model to shake or even topple. The tabletop should be flat and stable. If the height of the model exceeds 1.5 meters, it is recommended to use a floor standing bracket. Anti slip pads should be added to the contact part between the bracket and the ground, and fixed at the connection between the model and the bracket. Adequate space should be reserved in the surrounding environment to avoid getting too close to other objects and prevent scratches caused by collisions or friction.

　　日常维护能延长模型寿命。定期用软毛刷或干布清理表面灰尘，对于缝隙处的积尘可使用气吹清理，避免用水或清洁剂直接擦拭，以防损坏涂料。若发现部件松动或表面磨损，需及时修复，例如用同色涂料填补划痕，用专用胶水加固松动的连接部位。对于长期不展示的模型，应放入专用收纳盒，内部填充防潮剂，避免挤压堆放。

　　Daily maintenance can extend the lifespan of the model. Regularly clean the surface dust with a soft bristled brush or dry cloth. For dust accumulation in gaps, use air blowing to clean, avoiding direct wiping with water or cleaning agents to prevent damage to the coating. If loose parts or surface wear are found, they should be repaired in a timely manner, such as filling scratches with paint of the same color or reinforcing loose connection parts with special glue. For models that are not displayed for a long time, they should be placed in dedicated storage boxes filled with moisture-proof agents to avoid squeezing and stacking.

　　此外，运输与安装过程需格外谨慎。大型模型建议拆解运输，将易损部件单独包装，搬运时轻拿轻放，避免提拉机翼、尾翼等薄弱部位。安装时按组装顺序逐步进行，先固定底座，再依次安装机身、机翼等部件，最后调整细节位置，确保整体稳固后再移除支撑工具。

　　In addition, extra caution is required during transportation and installation processes. It is recommended to disassemble and transport large models, package vulnerable parts separately, handle them gently during transportation, and avoid pulling weak parts such as wings and tail fins. The installation shall be carried out step by step according to the assembly sequence, first fixing the base, then installing the fuselage, wings and other parts in turn, and finally adjusting the detail position to ensure the overall stability before removing the support tools.

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