常规飞机主要组成部分有机身、机翼、尾翼、起落架、动力系统、飞行控制系统、航空电子系统及机载设备等。

The main components of a conventional aircraft include the fuselage, wings, tail, landing gear, power system, flight control system, avionics system, and onboard equipment.

　　1.机翼是产生升力的主要部件。进行横向操纵的副翼和用于增加升力的襟翼等也都安装在机翼上。

1. Wings are the main components that generate lift. Ailerons for lateral control and flaps for increasing lift are also installed on the wings.

　　2.动力系统包括发动机和一些附属系统，如燃油、润滑、散热、进气和排气等，它提供推力(或拉力)使飞机克服飞行时受到的阻力。

2. The power system includes the engine and some auxiliary systems, such as fuel, lubrication, heat dissipation, intake and exhaust, etc. It provides thrust (or tension) to help the aircraft overcome the resistance encountered during flight.

　　3.飞机的尾翼通常包括水平尾翼和垂直尾翼，其主要功用是保证飞机的平衡并操纵飞机。

3. The tail wing of an aircraft usually includes a horizontal tail and a vertical tail, whose main function is to ensure the balance and control of the aircraft.

　　4.起落架用于飞机的起飞、降落和地面停放。

4. The landing gear is used for aircraft takeoff, landing, and ground parking.

　　5.机身的主要功能是装载设备、乘员和货物。

The main function of the fuselage is to load equipment, passengers, and cargo.

　　6.操纵系统用于传递操纵指令、控制飞机的飞行姿态。

6. The control system is used to transmit control commands and control the flight attitude of the aircraft.

　　7.机载设备包括飞行仪表、通信、导航、环境控制、生命保障、能源供给等设备，以及与飞机用途有关的一些机载设备，如战斗机的武器和火控系统，旅客机的客舱生活服务设施等。

7. Airborne equipment includes flight instruments, communication, navigation, environmental control, life support, energy supply and other equipment, as well as some onboard equipment related to aircraft use, such as weapons and fire control systems of fighter jets, cabin living service facilities of passenger aircraft, etc.

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